S235J0 - Hot-rolled structural steel - European Steel Business Group

Quality	Standard	Material No.	Past names
S235J0	DIN EN 10025-2	1.0114	St37-3U

Quality

Testing direction	Yield strength R_eH (MPa) ≤ 16 mm	Yield strength R_eH (MPa) > 16 ≤ 40 mm	Tensile strength R_m (MPa) < 3 mm	Tensile strength R_m (MPa) ≥ 3 mm ≤ 100 mm
Transversal (≥ 600mm)	≥ 235	≥ 225	360 – 510	360 – 510

Mechanical properties at room temperature: yield strength and tensile strength

Sample direction a	Elongation A₈₀ (in %) ≤ 1 mm	A₈₀ (in %) > 1 ≤ 1,5 mm	A₈₀ (in %) > 1,5 ≤ 2 mm	A₈₀ (in %) > 2 ≤ 2,5 mm	A₈₀ (in %) > 2,5 ≤ 3 mm	A_5,65 (in %) > 3 ≤ 40 mm
l	≥ 17	≥ 18	≥ 19	≥ 20	≥ 21	≥ 26
t	≥ 15	≥ 16	≥ 17	≥ 18	≥ 19	≥ 24

Mechanical properties at room temperature: Elongation

C % ≤ 16 mm	C % >16 mm ≤ 40 mm	Si %	Mn %	P %	S %	N %	Cu %	CEV ≤ 30 mm
0,17	0,17	–	≤ 1,40	≤ 0,030	≤ 0,030	≤ 0,012	≤ 0,55	≤ 0,35

Chemical composition according to melt analysis

Temperature	Minimum impact energy KV₂ (J) ≤ 150 mm
0°C	27

Impact strength KV2 on longitudinal specimens

Hot-rolled structural steel S235J0 (material number 1.0114) is an unalloyed structural steel according to DIN EN 10025-2 and represents a variant of the widely used S235JR. A characteristic feature of S235J0 is its guaranteed impact strength at lower temperatures, making it particularly suitable for applications with moderately low ambient and operating temperatures. As with S235JR, various delivery conditions are available to meet different requirements for strength, toughness, and machinability.

Properties

Mechanical characteristics:

In all delivery conditions, S235J0 exhibits a minimum yield strength of 235 MPa and a tensile strength of 360–510 MPa. However, the conditions differ in grain refinement and thus in toughness:

+N (normalised rolled/normalised annealed) – balanced combination of strength and toughness.

+AR (as rolled) – economic base condition with standard strength values.

+M (thermomechanically rolled) – optimized ratio of high strength and improved toughness through targeted heat-mechanical combination.

Impact properties

A key feature of S235J0 is a guaranteed Charpy V impact strength of at least 27 J at 0 °C. Compared to S235JR, which guarantees its notch toughness at +20 °C, S235J0 thus offers improved impact toughness in cooler environments and minimizes the risk of brittle failure cracks.

Weldability

S235J0 is also very easy to weld. Common processes such as MAG, MIG, or manual arc welding can be used with little or no preheating (< 100 °C). The microstructure in the heat-affected zone remains balanced, which prevents cracking and enables economical, clean welds.

Areas of Application

S235J0 is preferred wherever reliable toughness is required in addition to good basic strength, even at moderately low temperatures. Typical areas of application are

Outdoor facilities and overhead structures: railings, bridge constructions in temperate climates

Bridge and steel construction: Load-bearing elements, anchorages, prefabricated steel modules

Mechanical and plant engineering: frames, housings and base plates, especially when cooling or storage areas are operated at around 0 °C.

Structural reinforcements: Additions to existing buildings and halls in cooler regions

General steel construction: Profiles, columns and beams that are temporarily exposed to low temperatures.

Conclusion

The structural steel S235J0 (1.0114) according to DIN EN 10025-2 combines the proven strength and machinability properties of the S235 range with enhanced impact toughness at 0 °C. Available in the +N, +AR, and +M grades, it offers a flexible choice between cost-effectiveness, toughness, and strength reserves. With its excellent weldability and guaranteed impact energy of 27 J at 0 °C, S235J0 is the ideal choice for steel structures in moderately cool environments and demanding applications.